1º ESO 2017-2018

UNIT 10: GREECE

In this unit we will study the major Classical civilisations. It is structured in the same way as previous units. Firstly, there is analysis of the physical environment and the main historical events divided by period: colonisation in the Archaic period; Persian and Peloponnesian wars in the Classical period; and territorial expansion in the Hellenistic period. It then deals with political organisation, focusing on the differences between oligarchy and democracy; the main features of economic and social organisation; aspects of daily life, with in-depth analysis of life in Athenes in the V century BC; the main gods; cultural contributions, such as philosophy and theatre; and artistic manifestations, having created the architectural and sculptural models which have influenced artists ever since. 

As always, we have to study a special vocabulary of this unit. Please copy it in your notebook and study it. 

1. Hellada: the territory covered by ancient Greek civilisation

2. Hellene: Belonging to Greek civilisation, sharing the same culture, language and religion.

3. Poleis: Independent city-states of ancient Greece, consisting of an urban centre and the territory surrounding it.

4. Colonisation: Population and occupation of a territory

5. Metropolis: Place or city of origin, where Greek colonisation comes from

6. Democracy: Control of an organization or group by the majority of its members

7. Slaves: A person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them

8. Oligarchy: A small group of people having control of a country or organization

9. Myths: Accounts of the deeds of Greeks gods and heroes

10. Columns: Architectural elements uses as a support or fixture

UNIT 9: EGYPT

In this unit we will study the other characteristic civilisation, Egypt. 

Egyptian civilisation is a contemporary of Mesopotamian and other river-based civilisations, such as those found in India and China. The most significant aspects, such as the importance of the Nile, the large chronological periods, political and social organisation, the economy, day-to-day life, religion, cultural and artistic legacy and the afterlife are dealt with.

As always, we have to study a special vocabulary of this unit. Please copy it in your notebook and study it. 

1. Temple: a house of a god
2. Mummification: To make a dead body into a mummy
3. Hieroglyphic: Type of writing in which pictures or symbols represent ideas
4. Pharaoh: A title of the ancient Egyptian kings
5. Amum-Ra: The sun god
6. Horus: God of the sky
7. Anubis: Guardian of the tombs and patron of embalmers
8. Hathor: Goddess of love, joy and music
9. Isis: Wife of Osiris and goddess of fertility
10. Osiris: God of the dead and agriculture


Practice now with this exercise:

Nota explicativa: en la parte de abajo, verás una pestaña que pone: "Elige un modo de estudio". Haz clic sobre ella para elegir el tipo de ejercicio que quieres practicar para aprender el vocabulario de esta unidad.

uNIT 8: MESOPOTAMIA

In this unit, we will study Mesopotamia, a historical civilisation that had a knowledge of writing. 

Mesopotamia is located in the near East, between the rivers tigris and euphrates. it became one of the first states on earth, where all forms of power became concentrated in the figure of the monarch. 

control of mesopotamia was disputed by a number of peoples. it was thanks to these peoples that important cultural advances were made such as writing, the arch, the vault, the calendar and accunting. it was in this region that the first palaces in history were built. 

VOCABULARY

UNIT 7: PREHISTORY

UNIT PRESENTATION 

In prehistory we study its chronology, its sources and the different stages of human evolution. This is an open topic, as it can change according to new archaeological findings. Next, we explain the distinguishing characteristics of the three periods of prehistory: the Paleolithic period, the Neolithic period and the Copper, Bronze and Iron Ages. For each period, we look at the chronology, the features of the physical environment, the way of life, the technological contributions and inventions, society, beliefs, and the forms of art. 

VOCABULARY

History: It is the science that studies humanity´s past.

Prehistory: The period of time in the Past before people could write.

Eras: They are long Periods Of Time into which the humanity´s past is divided. These are prehistory and History. They are separated by the invention of writing (circa 3250 b.C)
Ages: They are shorter periods of time within prehistory and history. These are the Stone, Copper, Bronze and Iron ages in prehistory, and the Ancient, Middle, Modern and Contemporary ages in history. 

Nomadism: A member of a people or tribe that they constantly moved from place to place while following the animals they hunted.

Portable art: It refers to the small Examples of prehistoric art that could be carried from place to place. 
Cave painting: It was made on the walls and ceilings of caves or in natural huts.
Stone tools: It is a tool made of stone. It was used in the Palaeolithic and Neolithic society. During the palaeolithic Age they used carved stone and during the neolithic Age they used polished stone.
Tribal society: it is a group of twenty to thirty people, who were linked by family ties. It was the principal structure in the Palaeolithic society. 
Livestock farming: Economic activity that arose in the Neolithic period. 

Prehistory for 4th grade from Neus Viñallonga

UNIT 5: THE EARTH´S MAJOR BIOCLIMATIC ZONES

The first part of this unit studies the areas created by the combination of climate and vegetation in different geographic zones of the Earth. These zones are mostly latitudinal and correspond to the torrid, temperate and frigid zones, but there are also azonal bioclimates. 
The second part outlines the risks that the natural environment poses to life and to human activity. It also looks at the environmental changes caused by human action, and the international activities aimed at addressing them. 
The geographical technique described in the unit is the creation of a climograph and commentary. 

La primera parte de esta unidad estudia los espacios creados por la combinación del clima y de la vegetación en las diferentes zonas geográficas de la Tierra. Estas zonas son en su mayoría latitudinales y corresponden con las cálidas, templadas y frías, pero también existen bioclimas azonales. 

En una segunda parte se exponen los riesgos que el medio natural comporta para la vida y las actividades humanas, así como las alteraciones medioambientales ocasionadas por la acción humana y las actuaciones internacionales encaminadas a solucionarlas. 

La técnica de la unidad, se dedica a la elaboración y comentario de climogramas. 

A continuación os dejo algunos enlaces que os darán alguna información sobre los contenidos que trabajaremos en esta unidad:

• Sobre los medios naturales: http://www.hiru.com/geografia/medios-naturales-del-globo-i.http://www.librosvivos.net/smtc/homeTC.asp?TemaClave=1007. 

• Sobre climas de montaña: http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Clima_de_monta%C3%B1a. 

• Sobre biomas de la Tierra: http://pastranec.net/geografia/biogeografia/biocenosis.htmhttp://www.unicamp.br/fea/ortega/eco/esp/esp-14.html. 

¡Recuerda!

La tarea para este tema es hacer una PPT en donde hables del relieve, el clima, la vegetación... de un lugar del mundo. Para guiarte en el trabajo aquí tienes un modelo:

Descarga la plantilla para el trabajo  

Además cuando lo termines no te olvides compartirlo con nosotr@s en el blog a través de un comentario. 

Sin más, por ahora para que vayas echándole un vistazo, aquí os dejo el vocabulario de esta unidad. 

1. Torrid zone: It is the part of the Earth´s suface between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn; characterized by a hot climate.
2. Temperate zone: It is the part of the Earth´s surface between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Cancer or between the Antarctic Circle and the Tropic of Capricorn; characterized by temperate climate. 
3. Frigid zone: the area or region between the Arctic circle and the north pole or between the Antarctic circle and the south pole, characterized by frigid climate.
4. Mountains bioclimate: the temperatures drop according to altitude. Precipitation levels increase with altitude. Vegetation is staggered in tiers.
5. Equatorial bioclimate: climate with consistently high temperatures, regular high precipitation levels, and the principal vegetation is the rainforest. 
6. Mediterranean bioclimate: climatewith little contrast in temperature, modest precipitation levels, and the principal vegetation is the Mediterranean woodland.
7. Oceanic bioclimate: climate with fairly moderate temperatures, abundant precipitation levels, and the principal vegetation is the deciduous woodland. 
8. Tropical bioclimate: climate with high temperatures, high but irregular precipitation levels, and the principal vegetation is the Savannah or tropical Woodland. 
9. Continental bioclimate: climate with contrast in temperatures, moderate precipitation levels, and the principal vegetation are taiga and grassland. 
10. Desert bioclimate: climate with contrast in temperatures, low and irregular precipitation levels, and the principal vegetation are cacti, thorny shrubs and grasses. 

UNIT 4: THE CLIMATE AND BIOCLIMATIC ZONES

En esta unidad completa el estudio de los elementos del medio natural de la Tierra. Se inicia con una presentación de la atmósfera, diferenciando las capas que la componen; los fenómenos meteorológicos y climáticos que ocasionan su variabilidad en el espacio y en el tiempo; los elementos y los factores del clima; y las principales zonas climáticas de la Tierra. Por último introduciremos el concepto bioclima. 
This unit is the final one dedicated to the study of the elements of the natural environment of the Earth. It starts with a presentation of the atmosphere, differentiating between its various layers; the meteorological and climate phenomena that cause its variability in space and time; the elements and the factors of the climate; and the main climatic zones of the Earth. Finally, it introduces the concept of the bioclimate.

Como siempre, se trabajará un vocabulario específico que integraremos en nuestras clases. Aquí tenéis un test para que lo practiques.
As always, it will learn a specific vocabulary that it will be integrated into the class. Here you have a test to practice it. 

GOOD LUCK!!!

Test creado con GoConqr por Auxi Reina

Aquí os dejo el vídeo que  hemos visto en clase para que repaséis las borrascas, los anticiclones y los frentes. 

UNIT 3: THE EARTH´S PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS. THE CONTINENTS.

En esta unidad estudiaremos el relieve y las aguas de los continentes: Asia, América, África, Europa, La Antártida y Oceanía. En cada uno de ellos estudiaremos su extensión, su situación, las principales unidades del relieve continental, los accidentes costeros, los mares, los lagos y los ríos. 

Además para completar nuestro aprendizaje, para esta unidad os plantearé la siguiente tarea:

Por parejas debéis investigar acerca de las características físicas de uno de los continentes (que os será asignado en clase) y elaborar una presentación de Power Point. Para ello os dejo aquí debajo el enlace de la plantilla que os tendréis que descargar y completar con la información correspondiente a vuestro continente. 

Descarga la plantilla para el trabajo

Como siempre además deberemos estudiar el vocabulario correspondiente a este tema, que os facilito también aquí en el blog. No olvidéis copiarlos en vuestro cuaderno y estudiarlo diariamente. Recuerda que puedes elaborar tus tarjetas de preguntas como en la unidad anterior, para que puedas practicar de una forma más dinámica y divertida. 

UNIT 2: THE EARTH´S PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS. BASIC COMPONENTS.

Vocabulary: 

1. Lithosphere	The lithosphere is the outer solid layer of the Earth.
2. Hydrosphere	The hydrosphere is the combination of all the waters to be found on Earth.
3. Continent	The continent is a large extension of land above sea level that is surrounded by oceans and seas.
4. Islands	Islands are areas of land above sea level that are surrounded by water and are smaller than the continents
5. Archipelago	An archipelago is a group of islands.
6. Relief	A collection of raised areas of terrain, plains, depressions, slopes, etc., on the surface on the Earth.
7. Land above sea level	Land that protrudes from the seas and oceans to form the continents and islands on the planet.
8.  Land below sea level	Land beneath the water of the oceans and the seas.
9.  Earthquakes	They are sudden movements of the Earth´s inner core are released onto the surface. They are mostly located in areas where there is contact between tectonic plates.
10. Orogenesis	The process of mountain formation.

Tarea 1: esquema con la aplicación GoConqr

Como se ha hablado en clase, puedes ir realizando el esquema de la unidad con la aplicación utilizada por la profesora en el tema anterior. A continuación te cuento un poco sobre ella:

¿Qué es GoConqr?

GoConqr es un entorno de estudio personalizado online y gratuito que te ayuda a mejorar tu aprendizaje. GoConqr incluye herramientas de aprendizaje que te permiten crear, compartir y descubrir Mapas Mentales, Fichas de Estudio, Apunes Online y Tests.

¿Cómo me registro?

Para registrarte, dirígete a la página inicial de GoConqr.  Si te registras usando tu dirección de correo electrónico, te enviaremos un email de confirmación. Una vez que lo recibas, debes hacer click en el enlace para confirmar tu cuenta. Tras este paso, ya puedes iniciar sesión y empezar a usar GoConqr.

¿Está disponible esta aplicación para mi móvil?

Si, dirígete al AppStore o al PlayStore. Haz click aquí o busca “GoConqr Móvil” desde tu dispositivo Android para encontrarla y descargarla desde tu móvil o tablet.

¿Cómo lo comparto con mis compañeros/as?

Paso 1) A través del Modo de Edición o el Modo Visual de los Recursos:

1. Si estás en el modo de edición o modo visual de un recurso, haz clic en el icono de “Acciones“ubicado a la izquierda de la barra superior.
2. Una vez que hagas clic en él, selecciona alguna de las opciones disponibles y sigue las instrucciones:

Paso 2) Después de haber copiado la dirección para compartir:

Solo tienes que dirigirte de nuevo a este blog, y a esta página, pero esta vez deberás irte hacia abajo, hasta donde ponga "Comentarios". 
Seguidamente, escribe tu nombre y curso y pega ahí el enlace que has copiado en GoConqr de tu esquema. 
Finalmente, dale a enviar y listo. 

¡¡¡¡Espero vuestros comentarios!!!!


Aquí tenéis uno como ejemplo, para que os guiéis en vuestro estudio de la unidad:

Mapa Mental creado con GoConqr por Auxi Reina

UNIT 1: PLANET EARTH

Vocabulary: 

1. Star	A star is a celestial body that generates its own light and heat. Our star is the Sun.
2. Planet	A planet is a celestial body that does not generate its own light or heat, which rotates around a star, from which it receives light and heat. Our planet is the Earth.
3. Satellite	A satellite is a celestial body that does not generate its own light, which rotates around a planet.
4. Asteroid	An asteroid is a small celestial body that rotates around a star.
5. Comet	A comet is a celestial body made up of a solid core of ice, which may have one or more gaseous tails.
6. Cardinal points	Cardinal points are basic points of reference that we use to know where we are on the Earth: north, south, east and west.
7. Latitude	Latitude is the distance of any one point on the Earth from the Equator. It can be north or south.
8. Longitude	Longitude is the distance from any one point on the Earth to the 0º line of latitude, or the prime (Greenwich) meridian. It can be east or west.
9. Parallels (lines of latitude)	Parallels are circles that run perpendicular to the axis of the Earth´s rotation.
10. Meridians (lines of longitude)	Meridians are semicircles that run from one pole  to the other.

Aquí os dejo un pequeño esquema que os guiará a lo largo del tema:


Mapa Mental creado con GoConqr por Auxi Reina